EMT Final EXAM 2024.pdf | Exams Public Health | Docsity (2024)

Download EMT Final EXAM 2024.pdf and more Exams Public Health in PDF only on Docsity! EMT Final EXAM 2024-2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100 % PASS SOLUTION A+ GRADE EMTs respond to a known heroin abuser who is unresponsive. If they give naloxone (Narcan) to this patient, the EMTs should recall that: - naloxone should be administered in increments of 2 mg. - naloxone should not be given if the patient's breathing is slow. - naloxone administration could cause seizures in this patient. - the effects of naloxone last longer than most opioid drugs. - answer>>naloxone administration could cause seizures in this patient. What is the route of administration for the EpiPen auto-injector? - Intraosseous - Sublingual - Intramuscular - Intravenous - answer>>Intramuscular The process of binding or sticking to a surface is called: - digestion. - adsorption. - suspension. - absorption. - answer>>adsorption. You are treating a 45-year-old woman who was stung by a hornet and has a rash. She tells you that she is allergic to hornets and has her own epinephrine auto-injector. She also tells you that she takes medication for hypertension. Her breath sounds do not reveal any wheezing, her breathing is unlabored, and her blood pressure is 154/94 mm Hg. What should you do if you are not able to make contact with medical control? - Begin transport to the hospital and closely monitor her condition while en route. - Begin immediate transport and request an intercept with a paramedic ambulance. - Give her half the dose of her epinephrine in case her allergic reaction is delayed. - Administer her epinephrine, reassess her condition, and transport her promptly. - answer>>Begin transport to the hospital and closely monitor her condition while en route. The amount of medication that is given is known as the _________. - indication - dose - side effect - contraindication - answer>>dose In ___________ administration, you are administering medication to yourself or your partner. - EMT-administered - peer-assisted - paramedic-administered - patient-assisted - answer>>peer-assisted After taking diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for an allergic reaction, a person begins experiencing drowsiness and a dry mouth. These findings are an example of a(n): - unpredictable effect. - therapeutic effect. - side effect. - untoward effect. - answer>>side effect. - TheEMT administers the correct drug, but gives it by the wrong route. - The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director. - answer>>The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director. Which of the following is an example of a generic drug? - Bayer - Aspirin - Excedrin - Advil - answer>>Aspirin Shortly after assisting a 65-year-old female with her prescribed nitroglycerin, she begins complaining of dizziness and experiences a drop of 30 mm Hg in her systolic blood pressure. The patient remains conscious and her breathing is adequate. You should: - transport her in a sitting position. - place her in a supine position. - assist ventilations with a bag-valve mask. - wait 5 minutes and reassess her blood pressure. - answer>>place her in a supine position. Which of the following terms is used to describe a balance of all body systems? - Hypothermia - Diffusion - Perfusion - Homeostasis - answer>>Homeostasis You arrive on scene to find a conscious 58-year-old woman sitting up and reporting severe chest pain and shortness of breath. She is anxious and tells you she feels like she is going to die. Physical examination shows that her skin is pale, cool, and clammy and her pulse is rapid, weak, and irregular. Her breathing is labored, with a respiratory rate of 28 breaths/min. Her SpO2 is 90%. Lung sounds show crackles in all fields. Blood pressure is 92/60 mm Hg. What is your differential diagnosis of this patient? - Septic shock - Hypovolemic shock - Neurogenic shock - Cardiogenic shock - answer>>Cardiogenic shock You are treating a patient presenting with labored breathing, absent peripheral pulses, and dilated pupils. These are indications of what? - Irreversible shock - Psychogenic shock - Decompensated shock - Compensated shock - answer>>Decompensated shock Which of the following is indicated in almost every type of shock? - Place the patient in a supine position - Request ALS assistance - Control bleeding - Administer high-flow oxygen - answer>>Administer high-flow oxygen Distributive shock is the result of which of the following? - Rapid deoxygenation - Poor vessel function - Pump failure - Low fluid volume - answer>>Poor vessel function What is perfusion? - A passive process in which molecules move from an area with a higher concentration of molecules to an area of lower concentration - The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area - The force or resistance against which the heart pumps - The flow of blood through body tissues and vessels - answer>>The flow of blood through body tissues and vessels What is generally the best position to place a patient with cardiogenic shock? - Supine - Fowler - Left lateral recumbent - Sitting/semi sitting - answer>>Siiting/semi sitting Which of the following is the last measureable factor to change in shock? - Blood pressure - arrange for an ALS rendezvous. - reassess his condition in 5 minutes. - answer>>reassess his condition in 5 minutes To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as: - the skin - the lungs - the brain - the heart - answer>>the skin Shock due to severe infection is called ________. - neurogenic shock - hypovolemic shock - anaphylactic shock - septic shock - answer>>septic shock Your assessment of an unresponsive patient reveals that her breathing is inadequate. Your MOST immediate action should be to: - move her to the ambulance stretcher. - check her airway for obstructions. - administer high-flow oxygen. - ventilate her with a bag-valve mask. - answer>>check her airway for obstructions. Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of ________. - psychogenic shock - septic shock - neurogenic shock - anaphylactic shock - answer>>anaphylactic shock A 20-year-old male has a large laceration to his wrist. He is holding a blood-soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should: - apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist. - wrap the towel with pressure bandages. - administer high-flow supplemental oxygen. - apply pressure to the brachial artery. - answer>>apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist. In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by: - tachycardia. - hypovolemia . - diaphoresis. - hypothermia. - answer>>hypothermia. You are dispatched to a residence for a 40-year-old female who fainted. Upon your arrival, the patient is conscious and alert, and states that she is fine. Her husband tells you that she fainted after receiving news that her sister was killed in a car crash. You offer oxygen to the patient, but she refuses to accept it. At this point, your primary concern should be to: - provide emotional support regarding her sister. - advise her that she needs to go to the hospital. - determine if she was injured when she fainted. - obtain baseline vital signs and a medical history. - answer>>determine if she was injured when she fainted. Clinical signs of compensated shock include all of the following, EXCEPT: - rapid, shallow breathing. -a team of paramedics and emergency physicians who are responsible for providing emergency care to critically injured patients -a vast network of advanced life support (ALS) providers who provide definitive emergency care in the prehospital setting -a team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured - answer>>A team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured What is the EMT's primary service area? -the main area in which the EMS agency operates -the area serviced by the EMT's medical director -the location where the EMT provides essential care during a 9-1-1 call -the only area the EMT is certified to provide patient care - answer>>the main area in which the EMS agency operates Online medical control requires _____. -written protocols approved by medical control -a physicians presence on the scene of the call -phone or radio contact with the medical director -the presence of an advanced-level provider - answer>>phone or radio contact with the medical director As an EMT, you may be authorized to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain based on: -medical director approval -the patient's condition -the transport time to the hospita -an order from a paramedic - answer>>medical director approval What should an EMT do to limit errors in the field? -deviate from established standards when necessary -follow the agency's written protocols -carry an EMT text for reference at all times -contact medical direction before initiating any treatments - answer>>follow the agency's written protocols Which of the following courses requires about 150 hours of training? -AEMT -Paramedic -EMT -EMR - answer>>EMT The ability to understand others and have them understand you is known as __________. -communication -scene leadership -self-confidence -teamwork and diplomacy - answer>>communication Which of the following statements regarding the NREMT is correct? -the NREMT is a governmental agency that certifies EMTs -EMS training standards are regulated by the NREMT -the NREMT is the exclusive body for EMTs -the NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing - answer>>the NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time- consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on: -an EMS agency's fiscal resources -EMS research - answer>>EMS research You are caring for a driver who struck a light pole. She admits to drinking alcohol but orders you not to tell anyone. You should report the information to _____. -law enforcement personnel -your medical director -the state motor vehicle department -the receiving nurse or doctor - answer>>the receiving nurse or doctor The ability to take appropriate action with little direction is known as __________. -time management -self-motivation -self-confidence -diplomacy - answer>>self-motivation Which of the following statements regarding the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 is correct? -according to the ADA, EMT candidates with a documented disability are exempt from taking the NREMT exam -the ADA applies only to individuals with a diagnosed and well-documented physical disability -the minimum number of hours required to successfully complete an EMT course is less for candidates who are disabled -the ADA prohibits employers from failing to provide full and equal employment to those who are disabled - answer>>the ADA prohibits employers from failing to provide full and equal employment to those who are disabled American Heart Association protocols are based on __________. -opinions from a core group of cardiologists -trends in the EMS community -evidence-based research -theories ready for field trial - answer>>evidence-based research Which of the following agencies is the source of the EMT Agenda for the Future, the multidisciplinary national review of all aspects of EMS delivery? -Federal Emergency Management Agency -National Highway Traffic Safety Administration -Department of Health and Human Services -Department of Transportation - answer>>National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention? -providing cervical spine immobilization -administering vaccines -teaching safety in schools -legislating the use of seat belts - answer>>providing cervical spine immobilization Which of the following is the process in which a person, institution, or program is evaluated and recognized as meeting predetermined standards to provide safe and ethical care? -continuous quality improvement -licensure -certification -medical control - answer>>Certification At what level is an individual who has training in basic life support, including automated external defibrillation, use of a definitive airway adjunct, and assisting patients with certain medications? -EMT -prevention -treatment -evaluation - answer>>prevention The reaponsibility of the medical director to ensure the appropriate medical care standards are met by EMTs on each call is called what? -continuous quality improvement -medical control -primary prevention -quality control - answer>>quality control You are transporting an elderly woman who has possibly experienced a stroke. She is obviously scared but is unable to talk and cannot move the entire right side of her body. In addition to providing the medical care that she needs, you should: -maintain eye contact and tell her that there is no need for her to be scared -reassure her that after proper treatment in the hospital, she will regain her speech in time -tell her that you understand why she is scared and that everything will likely be okay -acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her - answer>>acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her Which of the following is an effective stress management strategy? -frequently reflecting on troublesome calls -modestly increasing caffeine consumption -developing a social network outside of EMS -requesting overtime to occupy your mind - answer>>developing a social network outside of EMS Which of the following statements regarding the different stages of the grieving process is correct? -the stages of the grieving process may occur similtaneously -the grieving process typically begins with severe depression -bargaining is the most unpleasant stage if the grieving process -it is rare that people will jump back and forth between stages - answer>>the stages of the grieving process may occur similtaneously Vector-borne transmission of an infectious organism occurs via: -inanimate objects -smoke or dust -direct contact -animals or insects - answer>>animals or insects Which of the following statements regarding HIV is correct? -HIV is transmitted exclusively via blood -HIV is far more contagious than hepatitis B -HIV is easily transmittable in the EMS field -there is no vaccine against HIV infection - answer>>there is no vaccine against HIV infection When decontaminating the back of your ambulance after a call, you should: -spray the contaminated areas and then immediately wipe them dry with a towel -allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions -use a bleach and water solution at a 1:2 dilution ratio to thoroughly wipe all surfaces -clean all surfaces and patient contact areas with a mixture of alcohol and water - answer>>allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions After assessing a patient's blood glucose level, you accidentally stick yourself with the contaminated lancet. You should: -a large cluster of shrubs -a concrete barricade -behind a car door - answer>>a concrete barricade Quid pro quo, a type of sexual harassment, occurs when the harasser: -requests sexual favors in exchange for something else -touches another person without his or her consent -stares at certain parts of another persons's anatomy -makes rude remarks about a person's body parts - answer>>requests sexual favors in exchange for something else Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reaction? -a newly certified EMT becomes extremely nauseated and diaphoretic at the scene of an incident involving grotesque injuries -an EMT with many years of field experience becomes irritable with her coworkers and experiences headaches and insomnia -an EMT becomes distracted at the scene of a motor vehicle crash involving the same type of car in which a child was previously killed -an EMT is emotionally exhausted and depressed after a school bus crash involving critical injuries and the death of several children - answer>>an EMT becomes distracted at the scene of a motor vehicle crash involving the same type of car in which a child was previously killed The EMT's first priority is_____. -personal safety -treatment and transport -rapid response -empathy for all patients - answer>>personal safety The MOST serious consequence of drug or alcohol abuse among EMS personnel is: -punitive action and the loss of a job -low morale and frequently missed shifts -tension among coworkers and supervisors -substandard or inappropriate patient care - answer>>substandard or inappropriate patient care General adaptation syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases? -delayed reaction, alarm response, and physical recovery -immediate reaction, psychological exhaustion, and recovery -reaction and resistance, euphoria, and physical exhaustion -alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery - answer>>alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you note that two small cars collided head-on, the occupants are still in their vehicles. The fire department is in the process of stabilizing the vehicles and law enforcement personnel are directing traffic. After parking the ambulance at a safe distance, you and your partner should: -put on high-visibility safety vests -quickly begin the triage process -report to the incident commander -assist with vehicle stabilization - answer>>put on high-visibility safety vests Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT: -fear of medical personnel -history of chronic disease -assessment by the EMT -mental disorders - answer>>assessment by the EMT While treating a patient with a high fever and cough, you accudentally expose yourself to illness. What should you do? -do not report it but perform self-monitoring to be sure you are not infected -report it to the hospital staff so they can isolate the patient -ignore it. the risk of contamination is small -report it to the infection control officer - answer>>report it to the infection control officer What was the focus of Dr. Elizabeth Kübler-Ross's On Death and Dying? -it gave specific guidelines on how to deliver hospice care to critically ill patients -it became the standard for EMS providers when dealing with violent death -it introduced the stages of grief - answer>>it introduced the stages of grief What are the three stages of general adaptation syndrome? -an alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery/exhaustion -acute stress, delayed stress, and cumulative stress -discovering, defusing, and debriefing -denial, bargaining, and acceptance - answer>>an alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery/exhaustion The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection that law enforcement agents use is called what? -cover -concealment -infection control -indirect contact - answer>>cover You are responding to an accident scene involving an overturned semi truck carrying diesel fuel. Which reference source will be most helpful in this case? -CDC standards for infection control -ANSI safety standards -OSHA guidelines -DOT Emergency Response Guidebook - answer>>DOT Emergency Response Guidebook What program, often available for EMS personnel, involves contracted agencies that provide a wide array of mental health, substance abuse, crisis management, and counseling services? -a Voluntary Protection Program -an employee assistance program -an injury and illness prevention program -a critical incident stress management program - answer>>an employee assistance program Which type of consent is involved when a 39-year-old mentally competent female with a severe headache asks you to take her to the hospital? -implied -expressed -formal -informed - answer>>expressed You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle-versus-pedestrian accident. The patient, a 13-year old male, is unconscious and has multiple injuries. As you are treating the child, a law enforcement officer advises you that the child's parents will be at the scene in approximately 15 minutes. What should you do? -withhold transport until the parents arrive and guve you consent for treatment -transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital -begin transport at once and have the parents meet you en route to the hospital During your monthly internal quality improvement (QI) meeting, you review several patient care reports (PCRs) with the staff of your EMS system. You identify the patient's name, age, and sex, and then discuss the treatment that was provided by the EMTs in the field. By taking this approach to the QI process, you: -are in violation of HIPAA because you did not remove the PHI from the PCR beforehand -violated the patient's privacy because you should have discussed the information only with the EMTs involved -adequately safeguarded the patient's PHI because the cases were discussed internally -acted appropriately but must have each EMT sign a waiver stating that he or she will not discuss the case with others - answer>>are in violation of HIPAA because you did not remove the PHI from the PCR beforehand When is forcible restraint permitted? -when the patient poses a significant threat to self or others -only if law enforcement personnel have witnessed threatening behavior -only if consent to restrain is given by a family member -anytime that the EMT feels threatened - answer>>when the patient poses a significant threat to self or others Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include: -quickly moving any weapons out of the patient's sight -placing the patient in a private area until the police arrive -making brief notes at the scene and then completing them later -not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons - answer>>not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons To help protect patients, EMS agencies are required to have __________. -public forums with their medical director -an anonymous reporting system -a privacy officer to answer questions -online access to patient records - answer>>a privacy officer to answer questions You are called to attend to an elderly patient with an extensive medical history who is now in cardiac arrest. The patient's family tells you that the patient has a DNR order. There is no paperwork available but the patient does have a MedicAlert bracelet indicating Do Not Resuscitate. You should: -initiate resuscitation in the absence of paperwork -confirm the patient's identity and honor the DNR order -confirm the patient identity and then confirm the DNR by calling the MedicAlert Foundation number on the bracelet -transport with minimal care - answer>>confirm the patient identity and then confirm the DNR by calling the MedicAlert Foundation number on the bracelet Which of the following statements about the patient care report is correct? -patient care cannot be discredited based on poor documentation -it is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report -EMTs are not liable for any actions that are accurately documented -incomplete reports are common and accepted in EMs - answer>>it is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report In which of the following situations does a legal duty to act clearly exist? -a call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change -a bystander encourages a victim who is not breathing -the EMT witnesses a vehicle crash while off duty -the EMT hears of a cardiac arrest after his or her shift ends - answer>>a call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change Which of the following components are needed to prove negligence? -duty to act, abandonment, breach of duty, and causation -ventilate the patient for 5 minutes and then stop if there is no response -have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased - answer>>have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased Once your ambulance is dispatched to an emergency, you have an obligation to respond. What is this called? -scope of practice -mandatory reporting -breach of duty -duty to act - answer>>duty to act You arrive at the scene of a call to find an elderly man complaining of chest pain. You introduce yourself and ask permission to examine him. He nods and extends his arm. Which type of consent is this? -informed consent -expressed consent -mature consent -implied consent - answer>>expressed consent While evaluating a noncritical patient in the field, you receive a call from dispatch regarding a serious four-car accident. You inform the patient you are treating to have someone take him to his doctor to get checked out before leaving to attend to the more seriously injured people. This is an example of what? -res iso loquitor -implied consent -defamation -adandonment - answer>>adandonment What is the best way to care for your patient once he tells you he does not want to go to the hospital? -ask him to sign a refusal form, releasing you from liability -get the police involved -order him to go to the hospital against his wishes -encourage him to call 9-1-1 again if his condition worsens - answer>>encourage him to call 9-1-1 again if his condition worsens The right of a patient to make decisions concerning his or her health is called what? -decision-making capacity -competence -implied consent -patient autonomy - answer>>patient autonomy An obvious sign of death caused by discoloration of the body from pooling of the blood to the lower parts of the body is called what? -a presumptive sign -dependent lividity -rigor mortis -putrefaction - answer>>dependent lividity You belong to a small volunteer EMS company and are treating a patient with chest pain, and you feel that the administration of aspirin is indicated. You ask the patient if he is allergic to aspirin and he says no. Shortly after you administer the aspirin, the patient develops signs and symptoms of a severe allergic reaction. Later in the hospital, the doctor advises you that the patient's medical history indicates that the patient has an allergy to aspirin. The patient later sues you. Which of the following is your best defense strategy? -statute of limitations -govenmental immunity -contributory negligence -gross negligence - answer>>contributory negligence Which of the following describes a code of conduct that can be defined by society, religion, or a person, affecting character and conscience? -supervision by advanced life support personnel -English-speaking patients or family members -correct use of complex medical terminology - answer>>maintaining communications equipment on the ambulance The official transfer of patient care does not occur until the EMT -gives a radio report to the receiving medical facility -notifies the admitting clerk of the patient's arrival at the hospital -informs dispatch of the patient's arrival at the emergency department -gives an oral report to the emergency room physician or nurse - answer>>gives an oral report to the emergency room physician or nurse Immediately after being dispatched to a residence for an elderly patient with diabetic complications, you should: -confirm with dispatch that you received the call information -ask the dispatcher to obtain a medica history from the caller -ask the dispatcher if the patient is conscious or unconscious -request that law enforcement secure the scene before you arrive - answer>>confirm with dispatch that you received the call information As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should: -inform the admissions clerk of the situatiom and then respond at once -respond only after guving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician -leave a copy if the run form with a nurse and then respond to the call -place the patient in a high-visibility area and then respond to the call - answer>>respond only after guving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician A patient's refusal of EMS treatment and/or transport must be: -witnessed by a notary -an informed refusal -authorized by a judge -reported to the police - answer>>an informed refusal You are caring for a 56-year-old male patient complaining of abdominal pain. Your service has recently switched to an electronic PCR system (ePCR). When completing the ePCR, it is important to be aware that: -a written patient care report will need to be completed on arrival at the hospital -the ePCR does not contain the same level of information as the written version and your verbal report should be expanded -the ePCR allows patient information to be transmitted directly to the receiving hospital's computers -the ePCR is relatively unsecured and should not contain patient-specific information - answer>>the ePCR allows patient information to be transmitted directly to the receiving hospital's computers Which type of comminications equipment functions as a radio receiver and searches across several frequencies? -scanner -duplex station -simplex station -mobile repeater - answer>>scanner During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, EXCEPT: -screening and assigning a priority to each call based on local protocols -selecting and notifying the correct EMS response units and personnel -coordinating responding EMS units with other public safety personnel -discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives - answer>>discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives A 4-year-old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mother's lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The child's mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably, which causes the child to start crying. You should: -reassure the child's mother that seizures in children are very common and that there is nothing to worry about -give the child a favorite toy or blanket to hold onto and perform your assessment to the best of your ability -attempt to calm the child's mother, but avoid separating her from the child because this will increase her anxiety -ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother - answer>>ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother You are transporting a 54-year-old male in respiratory arrest. An EMR is driving the ambulance as you and your partner are caring for the patient. Which of the following is the MOST logical way of notifying the hospital? -call the receiving hospital with your cel phone while providing patient care -wait until you arrive at the hospital and then quickly apprise the staff of the situation -have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital -request that a police officer respond to the hospital to apprise the staff of your arrival - answer>>have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital You could be sued for ___________ if your radio report to the hospital describes the patient in a manner that injures his or her reputation. -libel -negligence -assault -slander - answer>>slander You are dispatched to the residence of an Asian family for a child with a high fever. When you assess the child, you note that he has numerous red marks on his back. The child's parents explain that these marks represent coining—a traditional Asain healing practice in which hot coins are rubbed on the back. You should: -advise the child's parents that this is a harmful practice and is considered a form of child abuse in the United States -acknowledge and respect this practice as a cultural belief, but advuse the child's parents that it has no healing power -advise the emergency department physician that you feel as though the child was intentionally abused by his parents -document this finding on your patient care report and advise the emergency department staff of what the child's parents told you - answer>>document this finding on your patient care report and advise the emergency department staff of what the child's parents told you Which of the following has the weakest transmission signal and, as a result, is LEAST likely to be heard by the party being called? -mobile repeater station -land-base repeater station -hand-held portable radio -multiplex base station - answer>>hand-held portable radio As you radio the hospital to give a report on your patient, which of the following should you do? -speak as quickly as possible -provide as much detail as possible -remain objective and impartial -use code words to protect the patient's identity - answer>>remain objective and impartial After you submit the electronic PCR for a call, you realize that you accidentally documented the wrong vital signs. What should you do? -say nothing and hope that the error goes unnoticed -leave the record as it is and seek legal advice -notify your agency's information technology department -follow your agency's directions for making an amendment - answer>>follow your agency's directions for making an amendment -erase the erroneous information and insert the correct information -tell your supervisor about the error -cover the error with correction fluid and initial it -draw a single horizontal line through the error, initial it, and write the correct information next to it - answer>>draw a single horizontal line through the error, initial it, and write the correct information next to it What type of mode does an interoperable communications system use? -voice-over-Internet-protocol -duplex -simplex -trunking - answer>>voice-over-Internet-protocol What should you do if a patient refuses treatment or transport? -immediately stop patient care -contact medical control -find another person to continue medical care -ask law enforcement to take him into custody - answer>>contact medical control Which of the following suffixes mean "two"? -"bi-" and "null-" -"dipl-" and "bi-" -"primi-" and "dipl-" -"primi-" and "bi-" - answer>>"dipl-" and "bi-" The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline of the body is: -medial -midaxillary -midclavicular -lateral - answer>>medial The term "pericardiocentesis" means: -the removal of fluid from around the heart - a surgical opening made in the heart -narrowing of the arteries supplying the heart -surgical repair of the sac around the heart - answer>>the removal of fluid from around the heart You are transporting a 67-year-old female patient to the hospital for investigation of abdominal pain. The patient care record indicates that the patient has a history of AAA. Based on this information, the patient care record includes an abbreviation for: -abdominal aortic aneurysm. -acute abdominal assessment. -acute abdominal aneurysm . -against ambulance advice. - answer>>abdominal aortic aneurysm After applying a tourniquet, the injury from a patient's leg stops bleeding. This is called: -hematemesis. -hemolysis. -hemiplegia. -hemostasis. - answer>>hemostasis Which of the following suffixes mean "pertaining to"? - "-ic" and "-ology" - unilateral chest expansion - bilateral chest expansion - hemilateral chest expansion - lateral chest expansion - answer>>unilateral chest expansion Your partner makes the following symbol in a PCR: Δ What does this mean? - change - less than - greater than - per - answer>>change How would you identify a patient who does not have any apparent allergies? - NA - amb - AK - NKA - answer>>NKA What is the medical term for coughing up blood? - hematemesis - hematuria - hemogastritis - hemoptysis - answer>>hemoptysis What should you do when trying to define the term dysuria? - begin with the prefix and work forward - begin with the root word, move to the suffix, then to the prefix - begin with the suffix, move the the prefix, then to the root word - begin with the suffix and work backward - answer>>begin with the suffix, move the the prefix, then to the root word In general, which of the following does a prefix describe? - location and intensity - condition - movement - anatomic position - answer>>location and intensity What is adduction? - a directional term describing something farther from the trunk - something closer to or on the skin - motion of a limb toward the midline - motion of a limb away from the midline - answer>>motion of a limb toward the midline What does asthenia mean? - pain - weakness - paralysis - vomiting - answer>>weakness Capillary sphincter closure during internal or external bleeding is detrimental because: - high levels of oxygen remain in the cells and can cause significant damage. A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" in this measurement represents: - atrial contraction. - ventricular filling. - ventricular contraction. - ventricular relaxation. - answer>>ventricular contraction What happens when blood volume is lost from the body? - The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure. - Widespread vasodilation causes blood pressure to decrease. - The veins dilate to increase systemic perfusion. - Arterial blood is diverted to the skin and muscles. - answer>>The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure. Trauma to the __________ lobe of the brain would likely result in visual disturbances. - parietal - frontal - temporal - occipital - answer>>occipital A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is: - nitrogen. - oxygen. - lactic acid. - heat. - answer>>heat A patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sac surrounding the heart. Which type of shock would this condition cause? - Hypovolemic - Cardiogenic - Neurogenic - Obstructive - answer>>obstructive If a patient's chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient's respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that: - expiratory reserve volume is decreased. - inspiratory reserve is increased. - minute volume is decreased. - overall tidal volume is increased. - answer>>minute volume is decreased The waste products of aerobic metabolism include: - ATP and glucose. - carbon dioxide and water. - uric acid and nitrogen. - glucose and lactic acid. - answer>>carbon dioxide and water The most superior section of the sternum is called the: - angle of Louis. - costal arch. - manubrium. - xiphoid process. - answer>>manubrium Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when: - spinous foramen. - answer>>foramen magnum The distal aspect of the tibia forms the: - lateral condyle. - Achilles tendon. - lateral malleolus. - medial malleolus. - answer>>medial malleolus What is the function of the fallopian tubes? - To connect the ovaries - To transport a mature egg to the uterus - To supply blood to the uterine lining - To produce progesterone and estrogen - answer>>To transport a mature egg to the uterus Which of the following systems is responsible for releasing hormones that regulate body activities? - Skeletal - Reproductive - Endocrine - Nervous - answer>>endocrine The ____________ is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen. - costovertebral angle - costal arch - mediastinum - diaphragm - answer>>diaphragm Which organ lies in the lateral and posterior portion of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen? - Spleen - Stomach - Cecum - Liver - answer>>spleen Which of the following structures does NOT contain smooth muscle? - Blood vessels - Gastrointestinal tract - Skeletal system - Urinary system - answer>>skeletal system The bones that constitute the fingers and toes are called: - metatarsals - metacarpals. - carpals. - phalanges. - answer>>phalanges The ___________ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium. - orbit - sphenoid - mastoid - occiput - answer>>orbit Which of the following is NOT true of the lymphatic system? - Its vessels closely parallel the major arteries in the body. - zygoma - sphenoid - answer>>zygoma The elbow is an example of what type of joint? - immovable - ball-and-socket -hinge - saddle - answer>>hinge What structure of the brain is responsible for the level of consciousness and maintenance of vital signs? - brain stem - frontal lobe - occipital lobe - limbic system - answer>>brain stem Your patient's initial pulse rate was 89 beats/min and now it is 116 beats/min. What part of the nervous system is responsible for this increase? - Somatic - Sympathetic - Parasympathetic -Cerebellum - answer>>sympathetic What type of muscle is involved when you hear your stomach growling? - voluntary muscle - skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - cardiac muscle - answer>>smooth muscle What do you call the amount of air that is moved into or out of the lungs during a single breath? - minute volume - tidal volume - inspiratory reserve volume - residual volume - answer>>tidal volume You are treating a patient who has lost a significant amount of blood. Which type of shock is this patient most likely to experience? - septic -hypovolemic - cardiogenic - anaphylactic - answer>>hypovolemic At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small children? - 6 to 8 months - 24 to 36 months - 18 to 24 months - 10 to 18 months - answer>>10 to 18 months The decline in cardiac function that commonly occurs in late adulthood is MOST often related to: - atherosclerosis. - hypotension. Children of which age group are considered toddlers? - 1-3 years - 3-6 years - Over 6 years - 1 month to 1 year - answer>>1-3 years The respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute in an infant is ________. - too slow - too fast - too shallow - normal - answer>>normal Which of the following describes the Moro reflex? - When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward. - When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch. - The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled. - An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body. - answer>>The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled. You are assessing a 13-month-old female who is running a fever and has been vomiting. While you are performing your physical examination on this child, you will MOST likely find that she: - will readily allow you to separate her from her mother. - responds to her name but is fearful of your presence. - is unable to track your movements with her eyes. - has bulging fontanelles secondary to severe dehydration. - answer>>responds to her name but is fearful of your presence. Age-related changes in the renal system result in: - a significant increase in filtration, which causes the excretion of large amounts of water from the body. - the formation of large amounts of urine secondary to an increase in kidney mass of up to 20%. - a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed. - dilation of the blood vessels that supply the nephrons, which allows the kidneys to maintain their function. - answer>>a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed. Atherosclerosis is defined as ________. - dilation of the arteries - the blockage of a coronary artery - constriction of the blood vessels - the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels - answer>>the blockage of a coronary artery Which of the following is NOT a common factor that would affect a 75-year-old patient's vital signs? - Increased weight - Overall health - Medical conditions - Medications - answer>>Increased weight Why does the incidence of diabetes mellitus increase with age? - Decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production - Knows his or her name, can walk without any assistance - answer>>Places objects in the mouth, pulls himself or herself up Why is a neonate's head more "moldable"? - Calcium growth in bones has not yet begun. - Fontanelles have not yet fused to form the skull. - The brain stem is less rigid. - There is more space between the skull and the brain. - answer>>Fontanelles have not yet fused to form the skull. Congenital abnormalities are the leading cause of death in which age group? - Toddlers - Adolescents - Older adults - Neonates - answer>>Neonates At what stage do vital signs begin to level off within adult ranges? - Neonate - Preschool - School-age - Adolescent - answer>>Adolescent Which of the following conditions is an infant most likely to have? -Disk compression in the spinal column - Loss of passive immunity - Airway obstruction - Atherosclerosis - answer>>Airway obstruction Which age group is most likely to suffer from diabetes? - Infants - Adolescents - Middle adults - Older adults - answer>>Older adults Which of the following statements is true about the physiology of older adults? - Older adults require more sleep than younger adults. - The filtration function of the kidneys decreases and the size of the kidney increases. - The metabolic rate in the older brain does not change. - Vital capacity is at its highest in older adults. - answer>>The metabolic rate in the older brain does not change. Which of the following should be expected when you assess a 76-year-old patient's pupils? - Vision deficit - Unequal pupils - Slower pupillary reaction - Fixed, dilated pupils - answer>>Slower pupillary reaction Which of the following affects vital signs the most in older adults? - Patient's cardiovascular system -Overall health of the patient - Patient's cardiovascular system -basket litter - orthopedic stretcher - flexible litter - ambulance stretcher - answer>>Orthopedic stretcher To avoid the strain of unnecessary lifting and carrying, which of the following should you use when moving a patient from the ground onto a stretcher? - direct carry - stair chair - draw sheet method - extremity lift - answer>>Draw sheet method You are dispatched to a house where an 80-year-old woman has fallen in an upstairs bathroom and hit her head on the sink. When you arrive she is unconscious. Which is the best equipment to use to move her to the ambulance? - stokes litter - stretcher - backboard - stair chair - answer>>Backboard When carrying a patient down a flight of stairs on a backboard, which person should be at the head end of the backboard? - Tina, who is 5'4" and is the most flexible of the team - Jerry, who is 6'2" and strong - Tom, who is 5'10" and has average upper body strength and superior lower body strength - Doug, who is 5'8" and a weightlifter - answer>>Doug, who is 5'8" and a weightlifter Which of the following is an example of an urgent move? - rapid extrication technique - one-person walking assist - clothes drag - extremity lift - answer>>Rapid extrication technique You are responding to an accident where a 25-year-old female fell 15 feet while rock climbing. The terrain is steep and there is not much space to work. Which device should you use? - vacuum mattress - flexible stretcher - scoop stretcher - Kendrick Extrication Device (KED) - answer>>Flexible stretcher You are transporting a 50-year-old patient who reports respiratory distress but has no other indications of other injury or illness. What is the best position in which to place this patient? - immobilized - fowler/semi-fowler - recovery - supine - answer>>Fowler/semi-fowler An unrestrained patient is sitting in his car after an automobile crash. He is conscious and alert, has no visible trauma, and is complaining of neck and back pain. Before removing him from his car, you should: - slide a scoop stretcher under his buttocks and rotate him laterally. - perform a detailed head-to-toe assessment and apply a cervical collar. - apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest-style device. - maintain manual stabilization of his head and grasp him by the clothes. - answer>>apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest-style device.